Types of ADHD Medications
ADHD medications can reduce symptoms by improving the way neurons transmit messages. Certain medications can increase neurotransmitters, others slow down the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
Amphétamines or methylphenidates are the most common stimulants used to treat ADHD. They can begin working in just 20 minutes, and last for approximately four hours. They are available in liquid, pill or patch forms.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most common kind of prescription medication that doctors employ to treat ADHD. They work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. These neurotransmitters help people to concentrate and think, as well as control their emotions. When those with ADHD use stimulant medication, they often find that their symptoms diminish. It may take a while for the doctor and patient to find the right medication for each patient.
Stimulant medications may be taken in liquid or pill form. They are typically taken once or twice a day. Some are immediate-release, meaning they begin to work immediately. non prescription adhd medication are extended-release which means that they function over a longer period of time. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD belong to the methylphenidate category. The most frequently prescribed methylphenidate is Adderall. Other brand names include Concerta, Ritalin and Focalin.
Amphetamines are also sometimes used to treat ADHD, but they have more of an amplifying effect than the methylphenidates. In the past, these drugs were abused by truck drivers, students and athletes for their ability to keep people awake and alert. Amphetamines may also increase blood pressure and heart rate, as well as appetite. Some doctors only prescribe this group of medications to children with severe symptoms that don't respond well to other treatments.
Atomoxetine has also been proven to be an effective medicine to treat ADHD. It works by preventing process of reuptake of the chemical called noradrenaline within the brain, which helps to pass messages between neurons. Atomoxetine is usually given to teenagers, adults, and children over the age of 5 if it's not possible to use methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine. It is available as an immediate release tablet or controlled-release capsule that can be taken either once or twice every day.
Side effects of stimulant medications can include stomach upset and heart rate fluctuations or blood pressure, as well as Tics. Tics are sudden, repetitive movements or sounds like eye blinks or throat clearing. The majority of people who use stimulants don't develop tics. However some teenagers and children who use the drugs do. Other stimulant side effects include headaches, loss of appetite and difficulty sleeping.
The medications are only one element of the treatment program for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy behavior therapy, skill training and lifestyle changes. These treatments can be paired with medications to maximize the benefit for ADHD patients.
Treatment for ADHD continues throughout adulthood. Many people suffering from the disorder require medication, behavioral therapy and/or learning skills as they grow older.
The National Resource Center for ADHD provides information and resources.
The FDA suggests that healthcare professionals check on patients when they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the proper dosage is being taken and that it is having a a positive impact on the patient's symptoms. This includes regular appointments with the doctor to check for any negative reactions or other health problems. During these appointments the doctor will ask about any other medications that the patient is taking, both prescription and nonprescription, including supplements, over-the counter drugs and herbal remedies.